The amino acids ornithine and glutamine are combined to form ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate (OKG).
Ornithine and glutamine are thought to have anabolic effects, meaning that they stimulate the body to build muscle and other tissues. These amino acids also appear to have anti-catabolic effects.
This is a closely related but slightly different property; ornithine and glutamine appear to block the effect of hormones that break down muscle and other tissues (catabolic hormones).
OKG has been shown to improve protein retention, wound repair, and immune function in hospitalized patients partly by increasing levels of growth-promoting (anabolic) hormones such as insulin and growth hormone.
In a large, well-controlled trial, nonhospitalized elderly people benefited from 10 grams per day of OKG as they recovered from various illnesses or surgery, showing improved appetite, weight gain, muscle growth, reduced need for medical care, and improved quality of life. No studies on muscle growth in athletes using OKG have been published.
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